N

NAB: National Association of Broadcasters.(http://www.nab.org/)

NAM: Network Adaptation Module

NANOG: North American Network Operators'Group; (see NANOG).

NAP: Network Access Point; a public networkexchange facility where Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can connect withone another in peering arrangements. The NAPs are a key component of theInternet backbone because the connections within them determine how trafficis routed. They are also the points of most Internet congestion.

NAPLPS: North American Presentation-LevelProtocol Syntax

NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Association

NASTRAN: NAsa STRess ANalysis program;one of the first and most popular 'finite element analysis' programs.

NB: Narrowband

NBMA: Non-Broadcast Multiple Access; subnetwork technologies,such as ATM,Frame Relay, SMDS,and X.25private and public networks.

NC: Network Computer

NCD: Network Computing Devices, Inc.

NCERC: National Computer Ethics & ResponsibitiesCampaign

NCGA: National Computer Graphics Association

NCP: Network Control Processor, (IBM)

NCP: Netware Core Protocol, (Novell)

NCS: Network Computing System; Apollo RPCSystem

NCSA: National Center for Supercomputer Applications,(located at University of Illinois, Champaign/Urbana)

NCTA: National Cable Television Association,(NCTA)

NDIS: Network Device Interface Specification

NetBLT: Network Block Transfer Protocol

NetBIOS: Network Basic Input/Output System;An IBM-developed(initially for IBM'sSytek PC LANprogram) standard software interface (API)to a network adapter. Has become a standard interface supported (eithernatively or with an additional layer of software) by most network operatingsystems to permit PCapplication programs to communicate directly with other PCsat the transport layer.

When the NetBIOS software is loaded, it broadcasts its proposed (upto 15-character) name to all other stations to
ensure that it will have a network-unique name.

NetBIOS:

•      Does not support windowing (it has a Window sizeof 1)

•      Has a small packet size (under 678 bytes)

•      Does not have a network layer (so it is not routable)

NetBEUI: NetBIOSExtended User Interface; A nonroutable LANprotocol. An extension to NetBIOS.Used for IBM'sOS/2-based LANManager and Microsoft's LANManager and Windows for Workgroups.

NetBEUI (and NetBIOS,on which it is based) is nobody's favorite protocol (small packet and windowsize, nonroutable,
not open), so Microsoft has selected WinSock as its choice for preferredcommunications API.

NFS: Network File System, (SUN)

NGI: Next Generation Internet

NHRP: Next Hop Resolution Protocol

NHSE: National HPCC SoftwareExchange; (http://www.nhse.org/)

NII: National Information Infrastructure; Pointersto External Sources of NII Activity

•      Corporationfor National Research Initiatives (CNRI)
•      InternetEngineering Task Force (IETF)
•      InformationInfrastructure Standards Panel
•      Computing ResearchAssociation
•      InternetSociety
•      NationalTelecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA)
•      InformationInfrastructure Task Force (IITF)
•      Computer and Communications Entry Page at LawrenceLivermore National Laboratory (LLNL)
•      MITResearch Program on Communications Poilcy
•      ExecutiveBranch Agency Servers
•      National CoordinationOffice for HPCC (HPCC)
•      IITF Gopherserver
•      Directorate-GeneralXIII of the European Commission
•      Computer SystemsPolicy Project (CSPP)

NIS+: Network Information Service Plus, (SUN)

NIST: National Institute of Standards andTechnology

NIU: Network Interface Unit

NLSP: Network Layer Security Protocol

NNI: Network Node Interface, (see User NetworkInterface - UNI)

NNS: Network Name Service, (Novell)

NNTP: Network News Transport Protocol

NRSS: National Renewable Security System;a subcommittee of the Joint Engineering Committee (JEC)of EIA and NCTA.  This JECis working on 'conditional access' systems, as well as, other plug-in securitymodules.

NSC: Network Systems Corporation

NSP: Network Service Provider; A provider ofInternet Backbone services.

NTSC: National Television Standards (Systems)Committee; USA video standard with image format 4:3, 525 lines, 60 Hz and4 Mhz video bandwidth with a total 6 Mhz of video channel width. NTSC usesYIQ NTSC-1 was set in 1948. It increased the number of scanning lines from441 to 525, and replaced AM-modulated sound with FM.

NVH: Noise Vibration & Harshness